Le rôle du parchemin dans la miniaturisation de la Bible au XIIIe siècle

The 13th century portable bibles have always been admired for their very thin and high-quality parchment, but questions have also risen about the animal origin and the manufacturing techniques used for the production of their writing support. Various hypotheses have been put forward on this subject. This contribution tries to review the knowledge concerning this material, to identify the differences between the parchment of French, Italian and English origin and to estimate the number of skins that were used for this production. Finally, this paper evaluates the role of the thickness of the parchment, measured ins trumen tally on 93 manuscripts, in the miniaturisation process of the Bible in the 13th century.Ruzzier Chiara. Le rôle du parchemin dans la miniaturisation de la bible au XIIIe siècle. In: Gazette du livre médiéval, n°63.2017. pp. 64-78

Das bíblias gigantes às bíblias portáteis: estado da questão e pistas de investigação

This paper presents a research project about the Latin bibles from the 11th and 12th centuries, a period when, first in central Italy and later in the rest of the Western Europe, an emergence of large format bibles, intended for communal use, in monasteries and cathedrals, takes place. The purpose of this research is, through a quantitative analysis and from a textual and material point of view, to characterize and compare the practices from the several European regions concerning the production of biblical manuscripts. The main challenge of the project is to highlight the possible transition forms between those large dimension volumes from the Romanesque period to the portable bibles for personal use, typical from the 13th century, in order to better understand the emergence of the latter.Cet article présente un projet de recherche qui porte sur les bibles latines des XIe et XIIe siècles, période qui voit, en Italie centrale d’abord, puis dans le reste de l’Europe occidentale, l’essor d’une production de bibles de grand format destinées à un usage collectif au sein des monastères et des cathédrales. L’objectif de la recherche est de caractériser et de comparer les pratiques, du point de vue textuel et matériel, des diverses régions européennes dans la fabrication des bibles via une analyse quantitative de la production. Le principal défi du projet sera de mettre en évidence les éventuelles formes de transition entre ces volumes de grandes dimensions de l’époque romane et les bibles portatives à usage personnel typiques du XIIIe siècle, afin de mieux comprendre l’émergence de ces dernières.Este artigo apresenta um projeto de investigação sobre as bíblias latinas dos séculos XI e XII, período em que se assiste, primeiro na Itália Central e depois no resto da Europa Ocidental, ao surgimento de bíblias de grande formato, destinadas a uso comunitário, nos mosteiros e catedrais. O objetivo da pesquisa é, através de uma análise quantitativa da produção, caracterizar e comparar as práticas, do ponto de vista textual e material, das várias regiões europeias no que diz respeito à produção de manuscritos bíblicos. O principal desafio do projeto será destacar as possíveis formas de transição entre esses volumes de grandes dimensões do período Românico e as bíblias portáteis, para uso pessoal, típicas do século XIII, a fim de melhor compreender o surgimento destas últimas